PCB Reverse Engineering technology is used to reversely analyze the printed circuit board, and to acquire the Layout Drawing, Gerber File, Bill of materials (BOM), Schematic diagram and designators drawing are restored in the aspect ratio of 1:1, and then these technical documents and production files are used for PCB board remanufacturing, component soldering, flying probe testing, circuit board debugging, and complete replication of the original circuit board.
Star Ground in PC Board Reverse Engineering The Star Ground in PC Board Reverse Engineering philosophy builds on the theory that there is one single ground point in a circuit to which all voltages are referred. This is known as the star ground point. It can be better understood by a visual analogy—the multiple conductors…
Signal Processing in Circuit Board Cloning Today’s signal processing in Circuit board cloning system generally require mixed-signal devices such as analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs) as well as fast digital signal processors (DSPs). Requirements for processing analog signals having wide dynamic ranges increase the importance of high performance ADCs and DACs. …
Successful Grounding in PCB Card Reverse Engineering In below article we discuss PCB grounding. This is undoubtedly one of the most difficult subjects in PCB Card reverse engineering. While the basic concepts are relatively simple, implementation is very involved. For linear systems the ground is the reference against which we base our signal. Unfortunately, it…
LVDS Output on Multi-Function Recorder PCB Reverse Engineering LVDS Output on Multi-Function Recorder PCB Reverse Engineering for high performance ADCs should be treated differently than standard LVDS outputs used in digital logic. While standard LVDS can drive 1 meter to 10 meters in high speed digital applications (dependent on data rate), it is not recommended…
LVDS Logic in Switch Panel Circuit Board Reverse Engineering Recently, LVDS logic in Switch panel circuit board reverse engineering (low-voltage-differential-signaling) has attained widespread popularity because of similar characteristics, but with lower amplitudes and lower power dissipation than ECL. The defining LVDS specification can be found in the References. The LVDS logic swing is typically 350…
Source Termination in Trim Module PCB Card Cloning How Source Terminations in Trim Module PCB Card Cloning can be used in bidirectional link port transmissions between SHARC DSPs. The output impedance of the SHARC driver is approximately 17, and therefore a 33 series resistor is required on each end of the transmission line for proper…
High Speed DSP Interconnection on PCB Copy Below Figure shows a situation where several high speed DSPs must connect to a single point on PCB Copy, as would be the case when using read or write strobes bidirectionally connected from several DSPs. Small damping resistors shown in Figure A can minimize ringing provided the length…
Protect Analog Circuit in Data Logger Module PCB Reverse Engineering The best ways to protect sensitive analog circuits from being affected by fast logic are to physically separate the two by the Data Logger Module PCB Reverse Engineering, and to use no faster logic family than is dictated by system requirements. In some cases, this…
Trace Termination on DIN3 Meter Circuit Board Copying Much has been written about Trace Termination on DIN3 Meter Circuit Board Copying in their characteristic impedance, to avoid signal reflections. A good guideline to determine when this is necessary is as follows: Terminate the transmission line in its characteristic impedance when the one-way propagation delay of…
Reverse Engineering Accel Controller PCB Card Reverse Engineering Accel Controller PCB Card traces of defined impedance, either on a surface layer or embedded between layers. There of course are many other considerations beyond these impedance issues. Embedded signals do have one major and obvious disadvantage—the debugging of the hidden circuit traces is difficult to impossible.…